Estimation of extreme floods of the River Meuse using a stochastic weather generator and a rainfall–runoff model / Estimation des crues extrêmes de la Meuse à l'aide d'un générateur stochastique de variables météorologiques et d'un modèle pluie–débit     

《水文科学杂志》2013,58(6)

Abstract

A stochastic weather generator has been developed to simulate long daily sequences of areal rainfall and station temperature for the Belgian and French sub-basins of the River Meuse. The weather generator is based on the principle of nearest-neighbour resampling. In this method rainfall and temperature data are sampled simultaneously from multiple historical records with replacement such that the temporal and spatial correlations are well preserved. Particular emphasis is given to the use of a small number of long station records in the resampling algorithm. The distribution of the 10-day winter maxima of basin-average rainfall is quite well reproduced. The generated sequences were used as input for hydrological simulations with the semi-distributed HBV rainfall–runoff model. Though this model is capable of reproducing the flood peaks of December 1993 and January 1995, it tends to underestimate the less extreme daily peak discharges. This underestimation does not show up in the 10-day average discharges. The hydrological simulations with the generated daily rainfall and temperature data reproduce the distribution of the winter maxima of the 10-day average discharges well. Resampling based on long station records leads to lower rainfall and discharge extremes than resampling from the data over a shorter period for which areal rainfall was available.  相似文献   

砾石海滩剖面设计及其稳定性模型试验研究     

孙家文  董祥科  于永海  王平  方海超  张子鹏 《海洋通报》2019,38(4):422-428

海滩剖面设计参数确定和稳定性评价是设计阶段确保海滩养护工程质量的重要指标。针对大连凌水湾砾石海滩养护工程,综合采用Dean平衡剖面原则和剖面类比法进行剖面设计,确定了填砂中值粒径、施工坡度、滩肩前沿高程和滩肩宽度等设计参数;结合物理模型试验进行了剖面形态稳定性分析,研究了海滩在不同波浪和水位作用下的剖面形态演化过程,试验结果表明不同工况条件下,平均低水位以上的滩面均为净淤积,水下部分侵蚀明显,滩面上部泥沙不断堆积,砾石海滩最终形成稳定剖面。研究结果可为类似砾石海滩养护工程设计提供参考。  相似文献   

基于名画的数字地图设计初探     

李汝嫣  焦继宗  颉耀文  段含明  魏宝成 《测绘通报》2019,(11):114-120

绘画艺术具有基于情感体验唤起思想的能力，名画作为绘画艺术作品具有色调丰富、对比度高及色彩和谐的特点，尝试将其应用到地图设计中有一定新意。本文简单介绍了色彩学基本原理，提出了一种基于名画的地图色彩设计方法。通过提取名画的调色板，并分析其色彩模式；结合传统的地图制图规则从构图和色彩方面进行地图设计，并进行效果对比分析。结果表明：在地图设计中，基于用户需求选用与制图区域视觉结构相似的绘画，可以更好地在地图上表现出绘画的色彩及感情特征；参考绘画的色彩模式实现地图要素与真实地物的关联，能在地图上反映出制图区域的景观色彩特征和文化精神风貌。因此，该方法对于指导地图色彩方案设计、以"用户为中心"的地图设计有一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

基于设计模式的GNSS数据解算软件GNSSer的设计与开发     

李林阳  陈正生  崔阳  吕志平  孙大双  邝英才  王方超 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(10):1076-1080

采用C#语言，在.NET 4.5框架下，利用6种设计原则和6种设计模式解决GNSS数据处理软件开发中反复出现的问题，开发GNSS分布式数据处理软件GNSSer，达到统一与打破GNSS数据处理中面向对象方法在分析、设计和实现之间壁垒的目的，具有易维护、易扩展、易复用和灵活多样的特点。  相似文献   

Evaluation method for Green jack-up drilling platform design scheme based on improved grey correlation analysis     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

This paper presents an evaluation method for green jack-up drilling platform(GJDP) design scheme based on the improved grey correlation analysis(IGCA). Under the situation of the low-carbon economy it is important and complicated for jack-up drilling platform design to select the optimum design scheme from the feasible schemes. In this paper, the evaluation index system for GJDP has been proposed which includes 3 factors: advanced technology, economic feasibility and environmental coordination, as well as 13 sub-indices. At the same time, a multi-objective combinatorial optimization model is established by using IGCA, in which the analysis hierarchy process (AHP) is used to obtain the weight values of the indices. The IGCA method is fully considered the connection of the indices reflecting the objective true nature of the things, and the subjective interest of the platform owner and the needs of the designer. This research can not only conduct to green design of jack-up drilling platform, but also can contribute to the development, popularization and application of low-carbon technology on offshore platform. Finally, the case study results demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed evaluation method.  相似文献   

变形监测网非线性一、二类同步设计的新方法     

陶华学  王尤选 《大地测量与地球动力学》1999,19(2)

监测网的精度是通过它的网形和观测方案来实现，因而研究设计合理的观测网形和观测方案有很重要的意义。针对以往一、二类设计分开单独进行解算不可能求得整体上最优，提出了非线性一、二类同步设计的新方法。该方法将一、二类设计的决策变量在一个模型中解算，可获得整体最优解。  相似文献   

Methods for ultimate limit state assessment of ships and ship-shaped offshore structures: Part I—Unstiffened plates     

Jeom Kee Paik  Bong Ju Kim  Jung Kwan Seo 《Ocean Engineering》2008,35(2):261-270

The present paper is Part I of a series of three papers prepared by the authors on the methods useful for ultimate limit state assessment of marine structures, that have been developed in the literature during the last few decades. It is considered that such methods are now mature enough to enter day-by-day design and strength assessment practice. The aims of the three papers are to conduct some benchmark studies of such methods on ultimate limit state assessment of (unstiffened) plates, stiffened panels, and hull girders of ships and ship-shaped offshore structures, using some candidate methods such as ANSYS nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA), DNV PULS, ALPS/ULSAP, ALPS/HULL, and IACS common structural rules (CSR) methods. As an illustrative example, an AFRAMAX-class hypothetical double hull oil tanker structure designed by CSR method is studied. In the present paper (Part I), the ultimate limit state assessment of unstiffened plates under combined biaxial compression and lateral pressure loads is emphasized using ANSYS, DNV PULS, and ALPS/ULSAP methods, and their resulting computations are compared. Part II will deal with methods for the ultimate limit state assessment of stiffened panels under combined biaxial compression and lateral pressure using ANSYS, DNV PULS, and ALPS/ULSAP methods, and Part III will treat methods for the progressive collapse analysis of the hull structure using ANSYS, ALPS/HULL, and IACS CSR methods.  相似文献   

基础电子地图符号尺寸设计的研究与实践   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张薇  江南  白小双 《地理空间信息》2009,7(1):144-147

在调查实验结果的基础上，分析了对基于基础地理数据的电子地图（基础电子地图）符号尺寸设计的影响因素和设计原则，对电子地图符号尺寸设计、提高符号表现力进行了一些理论探讨和实践尝试。  相似文献   

三峡水库梯级调度专业气象服务业务系统的研究与设计   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈石定  王宏记  刘可群  陈良华 《成都信息工程学院学报》2005,20(6):654-656

介绍了三峡水库梯级调度专业气象保障服务业务系统的建设模式和原则以及主要建设内容和目标，并针对大气探测、通信网络、数据库、预测分析、产品发布、工作平台、业务监控、环境保障等子系统进行了规划设计。  相似文献   

有限元分析方法在天文仪器设计中的应用     

张卫锋  陈林飞 《天文研究与技术》2007,4(1):79-85

在天文仪器的设计过程中存在有大量的数值计算,且大部分的数值问题是非线性的。如何有效的解决这些计算问题,保证设计工作的顺利进行,是每一个设计工作者关心的问题。文章结合云南天文台光谱筒的有限元分析过程,论述了如何采用有限元分析方法解决大型天文仪器机械设计数值计算问题。  相似文献